{"id":6019,"date":"2021-09-14T15:10:30","date_gmt":"2021-09-14T07:10:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/?p=6019"},"modified":"2023-03-06T14:51:08","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T06:51:08","slug":"the-history-of-the-development-of-fiber-optic-cable-and-future-trends","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/lich-su-phat-trien-cua-cap-quang-va-xu-huong-tuong-lai\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1p quang v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai | H\u1ed2NG KAI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920. Nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u00e0y theo th\u1eddi gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1p quang trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m <\/strong>internet, ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao trong <strong>t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><strong>Ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1800, \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau qua nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Sir Charles Wheatstone v\u00e0 William Fothergill Cook v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1837. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng quay s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi hoa cho ai \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i! \u0110i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai; n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn qua nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed cao (v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p nguy hi\u1ec3m khi di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/c08kEAjZCBwcY9J6BSdM3oUjvlnqev_deeLbijKXCpwluB4lYzfYn7RBV3RffBPZfbs1NUS2xPvbs_UhxScpOwaz9KRRkQagNpFsix5Y8E4pnJWvh69aarxXsmWuPqeFjWb9dQbh=s0\" alt=\"\u0110i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o\" width=\"480\" height=\"310\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alexander Graham Bell \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf &quot;\u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i&quot; c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1876 v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1878. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t minh ra \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh dung ra m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c - gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>D\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang l\u00e0 d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 d\u00e2y. D\u00e2y b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. S\u1ee3i quang cho ph\u00e9p t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e2u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ec c\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p nhanh theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 &quot;modem&quot;, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00fang nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o n\u1eefa. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhanh h\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 internet, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 1-2 Mb\/gi\u00e2y, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 100 tri\u1ec7u bit trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3ng, ph\u00e1t tia l\u1eeda v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. V\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n, n\u00ean d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t minh ra c\u00e1p quang?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh b\u1edfi Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Narinder Singh Kapany, sinh ra t\u1ea1i Amritsar, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1926. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf cho c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1964. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh b\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu n\u00f3 ra kh\u1ecfi g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia, ch\u1ee9ng minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Trong khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, Narinder Singh Kapany \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1p quang n\u00e0y, th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m t\u1edbi.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean qua c\u00e1p quang di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974 v\u00e0 n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn hai b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi: c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01a1n mode \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1p quang ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i B\u1eafc M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>C\u00e1p quang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta t\u1eeb khi n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec c\u00e1p quang truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00ean ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u00e1t minh ra s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1965, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, s\u1ee3i quang m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1965: S\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m 1965, Daniel Noble \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n s\u1ee3i nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0m t\u1eeb polyethylene. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh qua kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 50 m\u00e9t. N\u0103m 1970, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u00e1t minh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi Kong Harald Jorn Wang t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Shirriff-Mew \u1edf \u0110an M\u1ea1ch. C\u00f9ng nhau, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Daniel Noble b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m cho l\u00f5i nh\u1ef1a nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 &quot;S\u1ee3i quang&quot; v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf cho \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960-1980: S\u1ee3i quang cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1970, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Corning Glass Works \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ee3i quang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh qua kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1973, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ee3i \u0111\u01a1n mode (MMF), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t tia s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tia s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980: S\u1ee3i quang nh\u1ef1a cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, s\u1ee3i quang nh\u1ef1a tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh. Ch\u00fang r\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1983, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee3i nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/glass-fiber.jpg\" alt=\"s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh\" class=\"wp-image-6021\" width=\"512\" height=\"342\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/glass-fiber.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/glass-fiber-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/glass-fiber-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/glass-fiber-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/glass-fiber-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/glass-fiber-700x467.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990-nay: S\u1ee3i \u0111a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ee3i \u0111a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang r\u1ebb v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean internet ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000: S\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01a1n mode \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea5t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n s\u1ee3i quang \u0111a mode, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2015-nay: S\u1ee3i quang nh\u1ef1a cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2015, s\u1ee3i quang nh\u1ef1a \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y qua nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Loon c\u1ee7a Google, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1edbi khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0103ng-ten d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n internet \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>C\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 internet. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 internet nhanh h\u01a1n, t\u0103ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp internet l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1p quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eafp nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i quang h\u01a1n b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1p quang c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p tri\u1ec3n khai linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec c\u00e1p quang c\u0169ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0 suy gi\u1ea3m ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 video<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i trong ng\u00e0nh vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1p quang cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 video. L\u00fd do ch\u00ednh cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u kia c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 video \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1p quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quang s\u1ee3i | \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m &amp; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng | Physics4students\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fTBvjhZbqFI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>-S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c ch\u00f9m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c ch\u00f9m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i quang t\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1ch hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00f9m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i m\u00e1y thu. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/f-NO4JYCDuoUrhnceQMsn7Bm7a5au32MzAWHQ6XNVWfoL3OyPsGmN60RUlluzmkL_4f2Ru6TalN-tBBNOkPj6NS-yIffNSBQYGZ2W5SHUZGR35aSUqFBrv249D35sWs-ZrJ47Whq=s0\" alt=\"\u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i\" width=\"561\" height=\"374\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nha khoa v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nha khoa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong ph\u00f2ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e8n flash v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u00f4 t\u00f4<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn xe nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f4 t\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n trong \u00f4 t\u00f4, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh y t\u1ebf, trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n quy tr\u00ecnh. C\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u00edt nhi\u1ec5u, cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1p quang thay th\u1ebf d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong ng\u00e0nh vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, c\u00e1p quang cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5u kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0i, t\u1ea1o ra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang c\u00f2n cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 internet cao h\u01a1n, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y t\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi gi\u00fap b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong n\u1ed9i soi v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- C\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1p th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m). Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1p quang n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c, cho ph\u00e9p vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>-\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u, c\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i, m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. Bao g\u1ed3m FTTH, FTTC v\u00e0 FTTB. Ba th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. V\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. C\u00e1p quang l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 nhanh nh\u01b0 ch\u1edbp, l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nay. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Google v\u00e0 Facebook \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u00ec h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>-\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a n\u0103ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, c\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng linh ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1p quang cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao th\u00f4ng do c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>S\u1ee3i quang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1p quang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1p quang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 t\u0103ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i quang h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p m\u1edbi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i quang h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Theo th\u1eddi gian, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1p quang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed7i s\u1ee3i quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp Internet cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00ec ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e1n ng\u00e1n c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 modem c\u00e1p ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi FTTH \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn 90% h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 200.000 km m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i trong khi c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i sau m\u1ed7i 100-200 m\u00e9t. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1p quang trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/soeC_AzFS00sN_V4MnPXsfLwtOJcioCSnJFw9yXbn2_tnVgHX57QJlwp4vmaHtcGTK_399NcC6kGq7_ffQSq8_Y-maeuHx2lyEgI39xL5s7jqDG2mnPXF2zpSACKvvTK9ImQqbjA=s0\" alt=\"m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i\" width=\"642\" height=\"361\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. C\u00e1p quang s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y v\u00ec ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- M\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ee3i quang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin b\u00ean trong nh\u00e0, cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng nhanh h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau b\u00ean trong nh\u00e0. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 tivi. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng, tivi, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh x\u00e1ch tay, v.v. c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gh\u00e9p k\u00eanh ph\u00e2n chia b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng quang th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nhau, do \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi tr\u00ean b\u1ed9. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft b\u1edfi c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>-S\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn nh\u00e0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai trong ch\u00ednh ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Fiber to the Home ho\u1eb7c FTTH. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00edt c\u00e1p h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c do nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng video ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c ISP v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Internet, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ISP v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00fang \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1p bi\u1ec3n. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>-S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Truy c\u1eadp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef g\u1eafn m\u1ea1ng (NAS) \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1p quang ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/B-4QLgChiVQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>- Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 (nh\u01b0 k\u00ednh) gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y v\u00ec c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd li\u00ean quan so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet (ISP) v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n khi t\u1ef1 mua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1p quang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1p v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i thay v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ee3i quang tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi trong v\u00f2ng 10 n\u0103m do dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf - c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111ang t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng cho lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y n\u00e0y; s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y n\u00e0y t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p quang v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp theo m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n tham d\u1ef1.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920. Nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u00e0y theo th\u1eddi gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1p quang trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m internet, ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6022,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_angie_page":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"page_builder":"","thumbnail_url":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[878],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fiber-optic-cable"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6019","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6019"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6019\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6022"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}