{"id":12783,"date":"2025-06-17T17:33:39","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T09:33:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/?p=12783"},"modified":"2025-09-03T17:27:00","modified_gmt":"2025-09-03T09:27:00","slug":"cat6-cable-production-equipment-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hkcablemachine.com\/vi\/huong-dan-thiet-bi-san-xuat-cap-cat6\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e1p Cat6: C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sai khi\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ea5t $300.000. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 cho b\u1ea1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Cat6 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo lo\u1ea1i: UTP c\u1ea7n 4 m\u00e1y, FTP th\u00eam thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e1, STP c\u1ea7n m\u00e1y b\u1ec7n. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: M\u00e1y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft = Nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f7 C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Bi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n

Khi t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2019, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1p SFTP nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb UTP. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn v\u00ec c\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y cho t\u00f4i t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Cat6 kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p Cat6 n\u00e0o v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang?<\/h2>\n

Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00e1p g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn sai c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i Cat6: UTP (c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n), FTP (l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn), STP (b\u1ec7n), SFTP (l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn k\u00e9p). M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"M\u1eb7t<\/p>\n

UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) \u2013 C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/h3>\n

UTP \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh Cat6 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t Cat6. T\u00f4i lu\u00f4n khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t UTP v\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u00eam s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac UTP bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n c\u1eb7p xo\u1eafn, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef th\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. B\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef th\u1eadp r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t Cat6, t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5u xuy\u00ean \u00e2m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t UTP, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: d\u00e2y c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng, m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n khung ch\u00e9o, m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn, m\u00e1y b\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u00e2y v\u1ecf. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Cat6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n UTP<\/th>\nThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/th>\nCh\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/th>\nC\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
D\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n PLC \u03a650+35<\/td>\n\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t HDPE<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y: 0,2mm \u00b10,01mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u1ea5u ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch ch\u00e9o<\/td>\nM\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n khung ch\u00e9o 50#<\/td>\nT\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed: \u00b10.1mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1eb7p xo\u1eafn<\/td>\nM\u00e1y xo\u1eafn \u03a6500mm<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1eb7p xo\u1eafn<\/td>\nT\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 xo\u1eafn: 12-16\/m\u00e9t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00f5i c\u00e1p<\/td>\nM\u00e1y b\u1ec7n \u03a6800mm<\/td>\nK\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi d\u1ea5u ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch<\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng: 2-3 lbs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

FTP (Foiled Twisted Pair) \u2013 Th\u00eam b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 EMI<\/h3>\n

C\u00e1p FTP th\u00eam l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m xung quanh l\u00f5i b\u1ed1n c\u1eb7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m EMI v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t FTP cho c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng g\u1ea7n m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

L\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u00eam thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u00e0i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh UTP. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng nh\u00f4m qu\u1ea5n b\u0103ng nh\u00f4m quanh l\u00f5i c\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ebfp nh\u0103n ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam t\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cho quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. B\u0103ng nh\u00f4m ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng che ch\u1eafn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft r\u00e1ch n\u00e0o tr\u00ean l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 EMI c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi c\u00e1p FTP c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra EMI do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

L\u1edbp l\u00e1 c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 d\u00e2y tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. D\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo l\u1edbp l\u00e1 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1p. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb d\u00e2y tho\u00e1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e1n l\u1edbp l\u00e1.<\/p>\n

STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) \u2013 B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1eebng c\u1eb7p ri\u00eang l\u1ebb<\/h3>\n

C\u00e1p STP c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e1 kim ri\u00eang l\u1ebb xung quanh m\u1ed7i c\u1eb7p xo\u1eafn, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 EMI v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1p FTP. T\u00f4i khuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng STP cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb cao.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c che ch\u1eafn t\u1eebng c\u1eb7p ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00ean t\u1eebng c\u1eb7p ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra sau khi xo\u1eafn c\u1eb7p nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ed1n quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u00f9ng l\u00fac trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn b\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y b\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb danh s\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. M\u00e1y n\u00e0y b\u1ec7n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebfc quanh l\u00f5i c\u00e1p. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Trong khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c ch\u1ea1y \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 50-90 m\u00e9t m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat, b\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 5 m\u00e9t m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra n\u00fat th\u1eaft s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y b\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t?<\/h2>\n

T\u00ednh to\u00e1n sai s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: S\u1ed1 m\u00e1y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft = Nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f7 C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 10.000 h\u1ed9p\/th\u00e1ng: c\u1ea7n 8 m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn, 2 m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Bi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n

Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. T\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y, gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f4i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 10.000 h\u1ed9p c\u00e1p Cat6 h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng. M\u1ed7i h\u1ed9p ch\u1ee9a 305 m\u00e9t, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng 3.050 km. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n xem x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n 8 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed7i m\u00e9t c\u00e1p th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m. V\u00ec v\u1eady, 3.050 km c\u00e1p th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n 24.400 km d\u00e2y c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n PLC \u03a650+35 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 500 m\u00e9t m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 18.720 km m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh 26 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 24 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n 24.400 \u00f7 18.720 = 1,3 m\u00e1y. V\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mua 1,3 m\u00e1y, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n 2 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\nC\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y<\/th>\nM\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/th>\nC\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2y<\/td>\n24.400 km (8 l\u00f5i)<\/td>\n18.720 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n1.3<\/td>\n2 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1eb7p xo\u1eafn<\/td>\n12.200 km (2 l\u00f5i)<\/td>\n1.500 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n8.1<\/td>\n8 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1p b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t<\/td>\n3.050 km (4 \u0111\u00f4i)<\/td>\n1.872 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n1.6<\/td>\n2 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ecf c\u00e1p<\/td>\n3.050 km (cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng)<\/td>\n3.369 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n0.9<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00fat th\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y<\/h3>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xo\u1eafn t\u1ea1o ra n\u00fat th\u1eaft l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Cat6. M\u1ed7i c\u00e1p ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n b\u1ed1n c\u1eb7p xo\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xo\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh trung gian. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 mua m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y d\u00e0i 1.000 km m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng. Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p 1.500 km m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n 4.000 km c\u1eb7p xo\u1eafn (1.000 km \u00d7 4 c\u1eb7p).<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i mua th\u00eam ba m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn, l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong hai th\u00e1ng. Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn do ch\u1eadm giao h\u00e0ng. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y d\u1ea1y t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc quy tr\u00ecnh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u1edf m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc. Quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chung c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u00e2y Cat6, b\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i (cho c\u00e1p STP\/SFTP) t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf m\u1ee9c 5 m\u00e9t m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat so v\u1edbi 50-90 m\u00e9t m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat cho c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/h3>\n

C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. T\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 75-85% t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t 75% trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t 85%. T\u00f4i lu\u00f4n khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t 80% khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o d\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i 2-3%. Xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 b\u1ec7n th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i 1-2%. C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh bao b\u1ecdc g\u00f3p th\u00eam 1-2% ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i. T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 5-7% nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. M\u1ed7i l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i. T\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean th\u00eam b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 5-10% cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Khi n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e2y v\u00e0o d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh?<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd d\u00e2y cho k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn (>5.000 km m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng). B\u1ecf qua th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Ma<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed-l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u00edch h\u1ee3p k\u00e9o d\u00e2y<\/h3>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 $150.000-$300.000 cho m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ee7 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a khi l\u1ee3i \u00edch bi\u1ec7n minh cho s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf k\u00e9o d\u00e2y cho s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cat6 8.000 km h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Mua d\u00e2y ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n 23 AWG c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 $6,50 cho m\u1ed9t kil\u00f4gam. K\u00e9o t\u1eeb thanh \u0111\u1ed3ng 8mm gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n $5,80 cho m\u1ed9t kil\u00f4gam, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m $0,70 cho m\u1ed9t kil\u00f4gam ho\u1eb7c $5.600 h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ri\u00eang cho \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e2y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 $220.000 bao g\u1ed3m l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. V\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 $5.600, th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 39 th\u00e1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng minh cho kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

K\u00e9o d\u00e2y tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn h\u01a1n \u1edf kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n. Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t k\u00e9o d\u00e2y cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 5.000 km s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/th>\nKinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc k\u00e9o d\u00e2y<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
<2.000 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb cao<\/td>\nMua d\u00e2y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.000-5.000 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\nKinh t\u1ebf c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/td>\nPh\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.000-10.000 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\nKinh t\u1ebf t\u1ed1t<\/td>\nH\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd d\u00e2y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
>10.000 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\nKinh t\u1ebf tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi<\/td>\nR\u1ea5t khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

K\u00e9o d\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p. Khi b\u1ea1n mua d\u00e2y t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. K\u00e9o d\u00e2y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t dung sai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 mua. Dung sai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u00e0 \u00b10,02mm, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t Cat6 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u dung sai \u00b10,01mm. Dung sai l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung sai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u00b10,005mm, n\u1eb1m trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Cat6. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e1p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed7i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb 8% xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 1%.<\/p>\n

V\u1ebd d\u00e2y c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ee3p kim. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef h\u1ee3p kim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ee3p kim t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

K\u00e9o d\u00e2y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u00e2y v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t cho chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng. Thanh \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n d\u00e2y ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho b\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u0103m 2021, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong giao h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00e9o d\u00e2y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong khi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa c\u00e1c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

R\u00fat d\u00e2y c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat d\u00e2y khi c\u1ea7n thay v\u00ec duy tr\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2y t\u1ed3n kho l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a d\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e2y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u che ch\u1eafn kh\u00e1c nhau?<\/h2>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb che ch\u1eafn g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn sai g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

UTP ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch ch\u00e9o. FTP b\u1ed5 sung m\u00e1y m\u00f3c l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m. STP c\u1ea7n 5 m\u00e1y b\u1ec7n cho 3.050 km m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng. SFTP k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"C\u1ea5u<\/p>\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch ch\u00e9o cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p Cat6 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. B\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a n\u00e0y ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch v\u1eadt l\u00fd b\u1ed1n c\u1eb7p xo\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5u xuy\u00ean \u00e2m.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n khung ch\u00e9o 50# s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyethylene m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p. B\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1p. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch khi c\u00e1p c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec5u xuy\u00ean \u00e2m. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra cho th\u1ea5y m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 khu\u00f4n m\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 kh\u1ed5. B\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau h\u01a1n, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec5u xuy\u00ean \u00e2m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n Cat6.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f9n t\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f9n LDPE th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 160-180\u00b0C. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u k\u00e9m v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tham s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch<\/th>\n\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nT\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/th>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u00e1nh tay ch\u00e9o<\/td>\n0,8mm \u00b10,1mm<\/td>\nKho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n0,92-0,94 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>\nT\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i<\/td>\nL\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f9n<\/td>\n160-180\u00b0C<\/td>\nT\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n<\/td>\n120 m\/ph\u00fat<\/td>\nN\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\nT\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1edbp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb che ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m cho c\u00e1p FTP v\u00e0 SFTP<\/h3>\n

L\u1edbp ch\u1eafn l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n xung quanh l\u00f5i c\u00e1p. L\u00e1 nh\u00f4m ph\u1ea3i bao quanh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00f5i b\u1ed1n c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 che ch\u1eafn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 keo d\u00ednh xung quanh l\u00f5i c\u00e1p. Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng b\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u00f5i c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Ph\u1ea1m vi ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 15-25% chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ee7 s\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u0103ng b\u1ecb k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n ho\u1eb7c r\u00e1ch. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u0103ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1edbp b\u1ecdc l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 che ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn b\u0103ng b\u1ecb bung ra trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i g\u00e2y ra l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 15%. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho b\u0103ng nh\u00f4m m\u1ecfng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p l\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng servo gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 2%.<\/p>\n

L\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u00e2y tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. D\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t. D\u00e2y tho\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh STP v\u00e0 SFTP<\/h3>\n

B\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 EMI v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi che ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111an c\u00e1c d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebfc quanh l\u00f5i c\u00e1p theo m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1y b\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i 800# ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 5 m\u00e9t\/ph\u00fat so v\u1edbi 50-90 m\u00e9t\/ph\u00fat c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra n\u00fat th\u1eaft s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y b\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 3.050 km h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n 5 m\u00e1y b\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. M\u1ed7i m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1.872 km h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng (5 m\/ph\u00fat \u00d7 60 ph\u00fat\/gi\u1edd \u00d7 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y \u00d7 26 ng\u00e0y), do \u0111\u00f3 3.050 \u00f7 1.872 = 1,6 m\u00e1y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n 5 m\u00e1y v\u00ec b\u1ec7n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eaft n\u00fat c\u1ed5 chai.<\/p>\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u00e2y b\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. \u0110\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u theo th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3ng h\u1ed9p ch\u1ed1ng x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. \u0110\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1 b\u1ea1c cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3u b\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 che ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. B\u1ec7n ch\u1eb7t h\u01a1n cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng che ch\u1eafn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p. B\u1ec7n l\u1ecfng h\u01a1n duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 linh ho\u1ea1t nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf che ch\u1eafn. T\u00f4i khuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea1m vi quang h\u1ecdc 85-90% cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Cat6.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n n\u00ean mong \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u00e0o cho c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau?<\/h2>\n

K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 40%. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng UTP (3.000 km\/th\u00e1ng): $280.000-$350.000. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t SFTP t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1: $450.000-$580.000. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao (10.000 km): $650.000-$950.000.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Bi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb theo n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n

Chi ph\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u0103ng theo n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. C\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb quy m\u00f4 kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 chai. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y UTP 3.000 km h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng, b\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng $280.000. Bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u03a650+35 ($85.000), b\u1ed1n m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn \u03a6500mm ($180.000), m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y b\u1ec7n \u03a6800mm ($45.000) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc \u03a680mm ($65.000). Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam $35.000.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u00ean 10.000 km m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00eam thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb do c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 chai. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u00e1m m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn, hai m\u00e1y b\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bao. T\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng $650.000, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng 2,3 l\u1ea7n cho c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 3,3 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng phi tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh x\u1ea3y ra v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (nh\u01b0 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3ng bao) c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 th\u1eeba \u1edf m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c (nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y xo\u1eafn) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/th>\nChi ph\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb UTP<\/th>\nChi ph\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb SFTP<\/th>\nChi ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed7i km\/th\u00e1ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1.000 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n$180,000-$220,000<\/td>\n$280,000-$350,000<\/td>\n$180-$350<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.000 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n$280,000-$350,000<\/td>\n$450,000-$580,000<\/td>\n$93-$193<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.000 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n$420,000-$520,000<\/td>\n$680,000-$850,000<\/td>\n$84-$170<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10.000 km\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n$650,000-$800,000<\/td>\n$950,000-$1,200,000<\/td>\n$65-$120<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 b\u1ed5 sung<\/h3>\n

Chi ph\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 60-70% t\u1ed5ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed b\u1ed5 sung bao g\u1ed3m chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1n $50.000-$150.000 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 500-1000 kW), h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. S\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a s\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao tr\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam 15-20% v\u00e0o chi ph\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Bao g\u1ed3m v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdn g\u00f3i, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u1eadp ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u trong 2-4 tu\u1ea7n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, chi ph\u00ed \u0111i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n 30-60 ng\u00e0y t\u1ed3n kho, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng $100.000-$300.000 cho m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 v\u1eeba. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00eam v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0<\/h3>\n

T\u00ednh to\u00e1n ROI ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng doanh thu v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. T\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, ti\u1ec7n \u00edch, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed chung \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 c\u00e1p Cat6 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 theo ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1p UTP ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 $0.15-$0.25 m\u1ed9t foot gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n bu\u00f4n. C\u00e1p Plenum-rated c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 $0.30-$0.50 m\u1ed9t foot. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1p ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t $0.75-$1.25 m\u1ed9t foot.<\/p>\n

Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfm 65-75% chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. T\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng Cat6 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn g\u1ed9p 25-35% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 40-50% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 50 l\u1ea7n l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 18-36 th\u00e1ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1p chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n nhanh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Cat6 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn.<\/p>\n

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Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Peter He<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i l\u00e0 Peter He, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp HONGKAI Cable Machinery Solutions v\u1edbi 8 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1p. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2017, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap h\u01a1n 100 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Cat6 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i HONGKAI, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00e1p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p Cat6 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh UTP, FTP, STP v\u00e0 SFTP.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a HONGKAI v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2019 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Cat6 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean hay m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00ec th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, h\u00e3y truy c\u1eadp www.hkcablemachine.com<\/a> ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ecdi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

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Related Research<\/h2>\n